Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on Your Eyes

Introduction:

Climatic change has made a drastic impact on our life. The air we breathe, the food we consume, and the water we drink are all affected in some or the other way by climatic changes. We all know the health hazards caused to our respiratory and cardiovascular systems by these changes. But do you know that climatic change can also hurt our eyes?

Prepare to be captivated as you delve into the profound impact of climatic changes on your eyes, unraveling the fascinating connection that will leave you amazed.

Climate Change and Eye Health: An Overview

The connection between climate change and eye health issues is intricate and multifaceted, covering a variety of interrelated factors that contribute to a complex interplay. As per the global research of environmental studies, there has been an increase in eye problems with the rise in pollution. Diseases such as dry eyes, cataract, allergic eye disease, trachoma infections, vitamin A deficiency, and eye injuries are increased due to climatic changes. Let’s have a look at how the climate has affected our eyes:

Air Quality Impact on Eyes

The accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere has altered the air quality worldwide. With the increase in the earth’s temperature, the frequency and intensity of the weather phenomenon also changed. This results in a change in the air circulation pattern and stagnation of the pollutant in certain atmospheric regions. Consequently, the concentration of air pollutants, such as particulate matter (PM), ground-level ozone (O3), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), tends to rise.

Effects on Eye Health

• Dry Eyes: High temperatures, along with poor air quality, might contribute to increased evaporation of tears, resulting in dry eyes. Pollutants in the air can also cause irritation and inflammation of the ocular surface.
• Allergic Reactions: High levels of air pollution are directly associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Pollen grains, mold spores, and other allergens can react with pollutants in the air, aggravating allergic reactions and harming eye health.
• Aggravation of Existing Eye Conditions: Individuals with existing eye problems such as allergic conjunctivitis, blepharitis, or dry eye syndrome can face worse conditions if they come across polluting zones.

Other Eyes-Related Problems Caused by Climatic Change

Climatic change can result in the frequency and severity of extreme weather conditions like heat waves, storms, etc. These weather conditions have the following impact on eyes health:

• Heatwaves and Sun Exposure: Long-time exposure to high temperatures and intense sunlight can result in redness, discomfort, and even damage to the corneal region of the eye. Eyes problems such as photokeratitis (sunburned eyes) and pterygium (abnormal growth on the white of the eye) can also arise due to intensified sunlight exposure.
• Eye Injuries: Storms and natural disasters caused by climate change, such as hurricanes and wildfires, can cause eye injuries due to flying debris, smoke, or chemical exposure. These injuries range from small annoyances to major trauma.
• Changes in Disease Patterns: The prevalence and spread of various eye illnesses are influenced by climate change. Temperature and humidity changes, for example, may influence the transmission patterns of infectious eye disorders such as conjunctivitis and trachoma.

Environmental Factors and Ocular Irritants details

Environmental factors play a significant role in eye health, as they can introduce various irritants and allergens that affect the ocular surface. Climate change and other environmental changes have a crucial impact on eye health.

• Pollen: Pollen from trees, grasses, and flowers is a common allergen that can cause allergic conjunctivitis, resulting in red, itchy, and watery eyes.
• Dust and Particulate Matter:Dust particles and other airborne particulate matter can irritate the eyes, causing itching, redness, and discomfort.
• Chemical Irritants: Environmental chemicals such as cleaning agents, smoke, and air pollution can irritate the eyes and cause dryness, redness, and burning sensations.
• Indoor Irritants: Allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, and mold spores can trigger allergic reactions and have an influence on eye health.

UV Radiation and Eye Protection

Alteration in the climatic changes resulted in increased UV Radiation. Understanding the dangers of UV radiation and the significance of eye protection is critical for keeping optimal vision and preventing long-term eye disorders. Some of the disorders are:

• Photokeratitis: UV exposure can result in photokeratitis, often known as “sunburned eyes.” It is a severe corneal irritation that usually happens after prolonged exposure to UVB rays, such as during skiing or sunbathing.
• Cataracts: Prolonged UV radiation exposure is a substantial risk factor for getting cataracts. Cataracts are caused by clouding of the natural lens of the eye, resulting in blurred vision and diminished visual acuity. UV protection is essential in the prevention of cataract development.
• Long-term UV exposure may contribute to the development of Solar Retinopathy.
• Pterygium: UV radiation has also been linked to the development of pterygium, a non-cancerous growth on the white of the eye. Pterygium can cause redness and irritation, as well as impair eyesight if it develops into the cornea.

Water-Related Eye Infections

Climate change has far-reaching consequences for many parts of the environment, including water systems. Temperature, precipitation patterns, and water availability all have the potential to contribute to the establishment and spread of water-related eye diseases. Understanding the link between climate change and these illnesses is critical for dealing with and avoiding their spread

Effect on Eye Health

• Conjunctivitis (Pink Eyes): Waterborne pathogens, such as bacteria or viruses, come into contact with the eyes, and cause conjunctivitis. Infection can be spread by contaminated water sources such as swimming pools, lakes, or inadequately treated water supplies.
• Acanthamoeba Keratitis: Acanthamoeba is a microscopic creature that can be found in both water and soil. Infection can develop when water carrying the organism enters the eye, most commonly as a result of poor contact lens care or swimming in polluted water. If not treated promptly, Acanthamoeba keratitis can cause significant eye irritation, inflammation, and vision loss.
• Trachoma: It is a bacterial infection of the eyes that is frequent in locations with limited access to clean water and sanitation. Climate change-related issues, such as increasing temperature and decreasing water supply, can help trachoma spread in impacted areas.

Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies

Mitigation and adaptation are two approaches that can help to solve climate change concerns. The mitigation methods try to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in order to prevent or limit climate change, whereas the adaptation strategies strive to manage and respond to the effects that are already occurring or are likely to occur.

Mitigation Strategies

Some of the mitigation strategies to reduce climatic changes are as follows:

• More use of renewable resources: Increase the proportion of renewable energy sources in the energy mix, such as solar, wind, and hydropower. Using policies and incentives to phase out or reduce reliance on fossil fuels, especially coal, and oil.
• Energy Efficiency: Promoting and implementing technologies that are energy efficient and have the least impact on the climate while practiced in buildings, industries, transportation, and appliances.
• Sustainable Transportation: Encouraging and promoting the use of public transportation, cycling, and walking to reduce reliance on private vehicles.
• Forest Conservation: Undertaking afforestation and reforestation initiatives to increase carbon sequestration.
• Sustainable Agriculture:Promoting climate-smart agricultural practices. Reducing emissions from livestock, optimizing fertilizer use, and improving soil management.

Adaptation Strategies

Some adaptive measures for controlling climatic changes are:

• Climate-Resilient Infrastructure: Infrastructure design and retrofitting to withstand climate-related dangers such as extreme weather events and sea-level rise. Incorporation of the climate projections into infrastructure planning and architecture.
• Water Management: Implementing water-saving measures, encouraging efficient water use, and building water storage and management systems to deal with changing precipitation patterns and water scarcity. Moreover, to avoid a flood-like situation we should have a proper drainage system and early prediction to minimize the impact.
• Public Health: Pre-readiness for adverse climatic conditions can help you get ready with all the necessities. In addition, we can Increase the capacity of disease surveillance systems to detect and respond to climate-related health concerns, such as vector-borne diseases affected by changing temperature and precipitation patterns.

Conclusion:

Climate change is a worldwide issue that can have far-reaching consequences for human health, including eye health. We may protect ourselves from climate-related eye disorders and promote better overall health by knowing the hazards, adopting proactive measures, and raising awareness. It is critical to recognize the significance of addressing climate change and working towards long-term solutions that protect our environment and future generations.